Global production of plastics has increased twentyfold since the 1960s. Every year, Europeans generate 25 million tonnes of plastic waste, of which, less than 30% is collected for recycling. The European Commission has today unveiled its first European Plastics Strategy, which sets out to reduce single-use plastics, restrict microplastics and ensure that all polymeric packaging sold in the EU is recyclable by 2030.
Amid a flurry of popularly driven single-bullet announcements on plastic waste and packaging, the EU's new strategy is a typically deliberative and balanced approach, setting out to define how plastics fit the broader circular economy agenda.
The central aim is to protect the environment from plastic pollution whilst fostering growth and innovation, turning a challenge into a positive agenda for the Future of Europe. The EU endorses the view that there is a strong business case for transforming the way products are designed, produced, used, and recycled in Europe, and that by taking the lead in this transition, it will create new investment opportunities and jobs. Under the new plans, all plastic packaging on the EU market will be recyclable by 2030, the consumption of single-use plastics will be reduced and the intentional use of microplastics will be restricted.
First Vice-President Frans Timmermans, responsible for sustainable development, said: "If we don't change the way we produce and use plastics, there will be more plastics than fish in our oceans by 2050. We must stop plastics getting into our water, our food, and even our bodies. The only long-term solution is to reduce plastic waste by recycling and reusing more. This is a challenge that citizens, industry and governments must tackle together. With the EU Plastics Strategy we are also driving a new and more circular business model. We need to invest in innovative new technologies that keep our citizens and our environment safe whilst keeping our industry competitive."
The new plastic strategy seeks to transform the way products are designed, produced, used, and recycled in the EU. Too often, according to the Commission, the way plastics are currently produced, used and discarded fail to capture the economic benefits of a more circular approach. It harms the environment. The goal is to protect the environment whilst at the same time lay foundations to a new plastic economy, where the design and production fully respect reuse, repair and recycling needs and more sustainable materials are developed.
The Commission claims that Europe is best placed to lead this transition and the new approach will bring new opportunities for innovation, competitiveness and job creation. With the plastic strategy, the Commission has adopted a Monitoring Framework, composed of a set of ten key indicators which cover each phase of the cycle, which will measure progress towards the transition to a circular economy at EU and national level.
Under the new strategy, the European Union will:
- Make recycling profitable for business: New rules on packaging will be developed to improve the recyclability of plastics used on the market and increase the demand for recycled plastic content. With more plastic being collected, improved and scaled up recycling facilities should be set up, alongside a better and standardised system for the separate collection and sorting of waste across the EU. This will save around a hundred euros per tonne collected. It will also deliver greater added value for a more competitive, resilient plastics industry.
- Curb plastic waste: European legislation has already led to a significant reduction in plastic bag use in several Member States. The new plans will now turn to other single-use plastics and fishing gear, supporting national awareness campaigns and determining the scope of new EU-wide rules to be proposed in 2018 based on stakeholder consultation and evidence. The Commission will also take measures to restrict the use of microplastics in products, and fix labels for biodegradable and compostable plastics.
- Stop littering at sea: New rules on port reception facilities will tackle sea-based marine litter, with measures to ensure that waste generated on ships or gathered at sea is not left behind but returned to land and adequately managed there. Also included are measures to reduce the administrative burden on ports, ships and competent authorities.
- Drive investment and innovation: The Commission will provide guidance for national authorities and European businesses on how to minimise plastic waste at source. Support for innovation will be scaled up, with an additional €100 million financing the development of smarter and more recyclable plastics materials, making recycling processes more efficient, and tracing and removing hazardous substances and contaminants from recycled plastics.
- Spur change across the world: As the European Union will work with partners from around the world to come up with global solutions and develop international standards.
Next Steps
The new Directive on port reception facilities proposed today will now go to the European Parliament and Council for adoption. Subject to Better Regulation requirements, the Commission will present the proposal on single-use plastics later in 2018. Stakeholders have until 12 February 2018 to contribute to the ongoing public consultation. The Commission will launch the work on the revision of the Packaging and Packaging Waste Directive and prepare guidelines on separate collection and sorting of waste to be issued in 2019.
Background
Continuing in the spirit of the 2015 Circular Economy Package, the Plastics Strategy has been prepared by a core project team of First Vice-President Frans Timmermans, Vice-President Jyrki Katainen and Commissioners Karmenu Vella and Elżbieta Bieńkowska. Many other Commissioners were also involved in its preparation and helped identify the most effective tools covering a wide range of policy areas.
The initiatives adopted by the College today take the form of:
- A Communication on a European Strategy for Plastics in a Circular Economy;
- A Communication on the Interface between Chemicals, Products and Waste;
- A Monitoring Framework on the Circular Economy;
- A new Directive on Port Reception Facilities.
These are complemented by the Report on Critical Raw Materials and the Report on Oxo-plastics.
The European Commission adopted an ambitious Circular Economy Package on 2 December 2015, of which today's measures form part.
The Plastics Strategy will also make a tangible contribution to reaching the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals and the Paris Agreement objectives on climate change.
The EU has already taken significant steps by setting requirements for Member States to adopt measures to cut the consumption of plastic bags and to monitor and reduce marine litter.
Going forward, there are also significant prospects for developing an innovative circular plastics industry worldwide.
